Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously generated during aerobic metabolism.
Certain levels of ROS, which could be dependent on the type of cell, cell age, history of ROS …

The consequence of decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels as a
result of oxidative challenge is altered activity of sirtuins, which, in turn, brings about a wide …

This study was designed to determine the histological and metabolic effects of the
administration of 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator 5-aminoimidazole-4 …

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is considered to play a
pivotal role in the exercise-induced metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle. Although the …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which was activated by an antihyperglycemic drug
metformin, has been hypothesized to mediate metabolic adaptations. The purposes of the …

Previous studies have demonstrated that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) played a
role in the eating behavior and glucose and lipid metabolism. In this study we measured the …

We have tested the hypothesis that training with moderate-(MT), strenuous-(ST), or over-
(OT) load can cause alterations in memory, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA …

Longitudinal changes in the anaerobic threshold (AT) and distance-running performances
(DRP) were assessed with a 4.5-month interval between the pre-, mid-, and post-tests in a …

Background The prevalence of dementia varies around the world, potentially contributed to
by international differences in rates of age-related cognitive decline. Our primary goal was to …

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of physical activity on the level of serum
brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The serum BDNF level in trained men who have …