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Psychological Prehabilitation Before Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review

  • Healthcare Policy and Outcomes
  • Published:
Annals of Surgical Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Cancer patients experience anxiety and depression after diagnosis and during treatment. A wide range of psychological interventions have been proposed to alleviate distress, but the evidence about the perioperative effectiveness of such interventions is not clear. This systematic review examined the effect of preoperative psychological interventions or prehabilitation on the postoperative outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for cancer.

Methods

A systematic review of the published data was performed using Embase, Medline, and PsycInfo for the period from 1946 to February 2014. A total of 951 publications (case series, single case reports, and reviews) were found. Only seven of these studies included patients undergoing an operation for cancer and a preoperative psychological intervention.

Results

Six of the seven studies were randomized controlled trials. Four were conducted with patients who had breast cancer (n = 356). The other studies included patients with gynecologic cancer (n = 30), colorectal cancer (n = 60), and prostate cancer (n = 159). Assessment of the studies showed four to be of good quality, two to be of moderate quality, and one to be of poor quality. Interventions did not affect traditional surgical outcomes (e.g., length of hospital stay, complications, analgesia use, or mortality) but positively affected patients’ immunologic function. However, psychological interventions appeared to have an impact on patients’ reported outcome measures including psychological outcomes, quality of life, and somatic symptoms.

Conclusion

Available data suggested that preoperative psychological prehabilitation may have a role for cancer patients undergoing surgery. Further evidence is needed to evaluate its role.

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Acknowledgments

Ioanna Tsimopoulou was supported by Alexander S. Onasis Public Benefit Foundation.

Disclosure

There are no conflicts of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Ioanna Tsimopoulou & Ruth Howard

  2. Midlands Abdominal and Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Unit, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Sandro Pasquali, Anant Desai & David Gourevitch

  3. Psychology Service, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Inigo Tolosa

  4. Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    Ravinder Vohra

Authors
  1. Ioanna Tsimopoulou
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  2. Sandro Pasquali
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  3. Ruth Howard
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  4. Anant Desai
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  7. Ravinder Vohra
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Correspondence to Ravinder Vohra.

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Tsimopoulou, I., Pasquali, S., Howard, R. et al. Psychological Prehabilitation Before Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review. Ann Surg Oncol 22, 4117–4123 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-015-4550-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-015-4550-z

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