Regular Research ArticlesMapping Scores Onto Stages: Mini-Mental State Examination and Clinical Dementia Rating
Section snippets
Sample
The study was conducted in a university outpatient clinic for cognitive disorders. Eight hundred sixty-three patients, who sought or were referred for cognitive evaluation, were enrolled, including 524 patients who were diagnosed with probable Alzheimer disease, 92 patients with questionable dementia, and 247 subjects who reported memory loss but performed within age norms on cognitive tests and were unimpaired in activities of daily living. Diagnostic evaluation included informant interview,
RESULTS
The ROC analysis in the training sample showed that the MMSE discriminated well between all CDR stages. MMSE scores of 30, 29–26, 25–21, 20–11, and 10–0 mapped onto CDR categories of no, questionable, mild, moderate, and severe dementia, respectively. Cohen's kappa for the agreement of each MMSE score range and its corresponding CDR stage was 0.44 (N = 126) for MMSE 30/CDR 0, 0.23 (N = 50) for MMSE/29–26/CDR 0.5, 0.47 (N = 93) for MMSE 25–21/CDR 1, 0.67 (N = 129) for MMSE 20–11/CDR 2, and 0.70
DISCUSSION
We correlated MMSE scores with CDR ratings of dementia severity in a large group of subjects who were referred to a university memory clinic for cognitive evaluation. Our findings were relatively consistent with two previous studies that have examined the relationship between the two measures for the categories of no, mild, and moderate dementia (28.9 ± 1.3 standard deviations [SDs] for no, 20.0 ± 3.9 SDs for mild, and 16.1 ± 4.7 SDs for moderate dementia in the first study8; 19.7 ± 3.5 SDs for
References (20)
Developmental theory, prediction, and the developmental equation in follow-up research
- et al.
‘Mini-mental state.’ A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
J Psychiatr Res
(1975) - et al.
[Clinical evaluation of dementia in a cohort of 358 patients with the French version of the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale.]
Rev Med Interne
(2003) - et al.
Guidance on the Use of Donepezil, Rivastigmine and Galantamine for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
(2001) - et al.
Practice parameter: management of dementia (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
Neurology
(2001) - et al.
A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia
Br J Psychiatry
(1982) The Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR): current version and scoring rules
Neurology
(1993)- et al.
The Mini-Mental State Examination: a comprehensive review
J Am Geriatr Soc
(1992) - et al.
The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD). Part I, clinical and neuropsychological assessment of Alzheimer's disease
Neurology
(1989) - et al.
The stages of Alzheimer's disease: a reappraisal
Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord
(1998)
Cited by (509)
Can we track the progression of Alzheimer's Disease via lexical-semantic variables in connected speech?
2024, Journal of NeurolinguisticsCardiometabolic diseases and early cognitive decline: Mitigated by integrated active lifestyle for brain health
2024, Journal of Affective DisordersMeta-analysis and moderator analysis of the prevalence of malnutrition and malnutrition risk among older adults with dementia
2024, International Journal of Nursing StudiesImpact of Pain and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms on Activities in Nursing Home Residents (COSMOS Trial)
2024, Journal of the American Medical Directors AssociationImpact of Prefracture Cognitive Impairment and Postoperative Delirium on Recovery after Hip Fracture Surgery
2024, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association