Elsevier

The Journal of Pain

Volume 13, Issue 10, October 2012, Pages 970-977
The Journal of Pain

Original Report
Psychometric Properties of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11)

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2012.07.001Get rights and content
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of an abbreviated version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) in a clinical sample of patients with chronic pain. Chronic pain patients (n = 276) seeking treatment at an interdisciplinary treatment center completed self-report questionnaires including the TSK-13, and 2 tests of physical functioning. Four competing models of the TSK were tested using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was assessed, as were discriminant evidence of construct validity and concurrent criterion-related validity. Incremental validity was assessed with hierarchical multiple regressions controlling for pain severity. The analyses indicated that an 11-item, 2-factor structure best fit the data. The first factor, somatic focus, consisted of 5 items, while the second factor, activity avoidance, was comprised of 6 items. The TSK-11 scales demonstrated acceptable levels of internal consistency, as well as evidence of discriminant, concurrent criterion-related, and incremental validity. Somatic focus uniquely predicted perceived disability while activity avoidance uniquely predicted actual physical performance, controlling for pain severity. The 2-factor structure of the TSK-11 was found to be a brief, reliable, and valid measure of fear of movement/(re)injury for chronic pain patients. We recommend that the TSK-11 be used in future research and in clinical settings.

Perspective

In this study, confirmatory factor analysis identified the 2-factor TSK-11 as the best fitting model of TSK factor structure. The TSK-11 is a brief, reliable, and valid measure of fear of movement/(re)injury for chronic pain patients.

Key words

Chronic pain
fear of movement/(re)injury
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
confirmatory factor analysis
psychometric properties

Cited by (0)

The authors have no funding sources or conflicts of interest to report in the conduct or publication of this research.