Abstract
Purpose
The hypothesis of this study was that single-legged horizontal hop test ratios would correlate with IKDC, KOOS, and Marx activity level scores in patients 2 years after primary ACL reconstruction.
Methods
Individual patient-reported outcome tools and hop test ratios on 69 ACL reconstructed patients were compared using correlations and multivariable modeling. Correlations between specific questions on the IKDC and KOOS concerning the ability to jump and hop ratios were also performed.
Results
The triple-hop ratio was moderately but significantly correlated with the IKDC, KOOS Sports and Recreation subscale, and the KOOS Knee Related Quality of Life subscale, as well as with the specific questions related to jumping. Similar but weaker relationship patterns were found for the single-hop ratio and timed hop. No significant correlations were found for the Marx activity level or crossover-hop ratio. Multivariable modeling showed almost no significant additional contribution to predictability of the IKDC or KOOS subscores by gender, BMI, or the number of faults on either leg.
Conclusions
The triple-hop test is most significantly correlated with patient-reported outcome scores. Multivariable modeling indicates that less than a quarter of the variability in outcome scores can be explained by hop test results. This indicates that neither test can serve as a direct proxy for the other; however, assessment of patient physical function by either direct report using validated outcome tools or by the hop test will provide relatively comparable data.
Level of evidence
II.
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Acknowledgments
The project described was supported in part by NIH Grants No. 5R01 AR053684 (Spindler) and 5 K23 AR052392-04 (Dunn) from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, an AOSSM-MTF Career Development Award Supplement, a Pfizer Scholars Grant in Clinical Epidemiology, and a grant from NFL Charities. The project was further supported by unrestricted educational gifts from DonJoy, Smith and Nephew Endoscopy, and the Vanderbilt Sports Medicine Research Fund. The authors thank the research coordinators, research assistants, mentors, and others at the participating institutions for their tireless efforts and continuing support in making this project possible. The authors specifically thank MOON (Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcomes Network) members for their support and contributions: Brian R. Wolf, MD, MS (University of Iowa); Robert H. Brophy, MD (Washington University in St. Louis); Robert G. Marx, MD, MSc (Hospital for Special Surgery); Jack T. Andrish, MD (Cleveland Clinic Foundation); Rick W. Wright, MD (Washington University in St. Louis); James L. Carey, MD, MPH (Vanderbilt); Charles L. Cox, MD, MPH (Vanderbilt); Annunziato Amendola, MD (University of Iowa); Eric C. McCarty, MD (University of Colorado); Matthew J. Matava, MD (Washington University in St. Louis). The authors would also like to thank Erica Scaramuzza, Zhouwen Liu, Thomas Dupont, Gene Hannah, MD, Robert S. Dittus, MD, MPH (Vanderbilt); Breanna Beck, ATC, (Ohio State University) Michelle Hines, RN, Lisa Hegemier, PA, Valerie Lewis, and Scott Euype, DPT (Cleveland Clinic Foundation); and Lynn S. Cain (Vanderbilt) for editorial assistance.
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Reinke, E.K., Spindler, K.P., Lorring, D. et al. Hop tests correlate with IKDC and KOOS at minimum of 2 years after primary ACL reconstruction. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 19, 1806–1816 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-011-1473-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-011-1473-5