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Verletzungen der thorakolumbalen Wirbelsäule

Thoracolumbar spine injuries

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Zusammenfassung

Traumen der thorakolumbalen Wirbelsäule stellen eine komplexe, sowohl knöcherne als auch ligamentäre Strukturen betreffende Verletzung des Achsenskeletts dar. Neben der adäquaten Primärversorgung ist die Auswahl der diagnostischen Verfahren und der Versorgungstechnik, die die biomechanischen Besonderheiten des jeweiligen Frakturtyps berücksichtigen muss, essenziell für den Erfolg der Behandlung und somit letztendlich für die Wiederherstellung des Patienten und dessen weitere Lebensqualität. Sollte die Indikation zur operativen Therapie gestellt werden, kann diese ein- oder zweizeitig, allein ventral oder dorsal oder aber kombiniert dorsoventral erfolgen. Die Verwendung moderner, minimal-invasiver Operationsverfahren und die zunehmende Etablierung computer-assistierter Verfahren ermöglichen die sichere und patientenschonende Versorgung dieser Verletzungen.

Abstract

Traumatic injuries of the thoracolumbar spine are often complex and affect the bony structures and disco-ligamentous structures of the spine. In addition to adequate primary therapy, the appropriate choice of diagnostic procedures and treatment methods, which take the particular biomechanical characteristics of the individual fracture type into consideration, is essential for successful outcome and thereby the restoration of patient quality of life. In the case of a surgical indication, the procedure can be performed either in one or two sessions and can include dorsal, ventral or combined dorso-ventral spondylodesis. With minimally invasive and computer-assisted techniques becoming routine procedures, safe and sparing treatment of these fractures is possible.

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Maier, B., Ploss, C. & Marzi, I. Verletzungen der thorakolumbalen Wirbelsäule. Orthopäde 39, 247–255 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-009-1542-3

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