Sensitivity analysis (participants with bodyweight change<5%): comparison of mean differences within and between groups at the end of the intervention
| Control (n=61) | Exercise (n=70) | ||||||
| Baseline | Follow-up | Change | Baseline | Follow-up | Change | P value | |
| Hepatic steatosis (%) | 9.1±11.9 | 9.8±13 | 0.7±4.6 | 10.9±12.4 | 9.4±10.7* | −1.5±5 | 0.017 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.8±5.8 | 31.8±5.7 | 0±0.7 | 32±4.7 | 31.8±4.8* | −0.2±0.7 | 0.30 |
| Weight (kg) | 90.7±17.7 | 90.6±18 | 0±1.9 | 91±16.3 | 90.5±16.2* | −0.5±1.9 | 0.18 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.1±1.2 | 5.2±1.3 | 0.1±1 | 5.1±1 | 4.9±0.9 | −0.1±0.6 | 0.038 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.7±0.8 | 5.7±0.9 | 0±0.5 | 5.6±0.6 | 5.6±0.6 | 0±0.2 | 0.46 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.4±1.7 | 3.3±4.2* | 0.9±3.6 | 3±4.1 | 2.6±2.1 | −0.4±3 | 0.041 |
| ASCVD 10-year risk (%) | 8.9±9.7 | 9.5±11* | 0.6±2.2 | 9.9±10.9 | 9.7±11.3 | −0.3±2 | 0.008 |
| VO2peak (mL/kg/min) | 30.5±8.1 | 31.4±7.7 | 0.9±5.9 | 30±9.6 | 33.2±10.1* | 3.2±7.2 | 0.047 |
| Body fat (%) | 39.9±8.2 | 40.3±9.4 | 0.4±7.2 | 39.9±8.3 | 40.5±9.5 | 0.5±5.5 | 0.91 |
| Lean mass (kg) | 5.1±1.0 | 5.2±1.0 | −0.3±1.5 | 5.1±1.0 | 5.1±1. | 0.4±1.6 | 0.20 |
Data are mean (SD). P value obtained with analysis of covariance adjusted for baseline scores.
*P<0.05 within group.
P values are for between-groups comparisons at baseline.
ALT, alanine transaminase; ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk; AST, aspartate transaminase; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HOMA -IR, homoeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance; NG, normal glucose; 1-RM, 1 repetition 561 maximum; T2DM, type 2 diabetes.