Functional performance tests
| Study | Aerobic capacity (mean±SD) | Strength (mean±SD) | Other (mean±SD) |
| Babaei 201455 | VO2max test: FA aerobic group=45±5.8 mL/kg/min, FA anaerobic group=43±4.4 mL/kg/min, controls aerobic group=32±4.5 mL/kg/min, controls anaerobic group=33±4.8 mL/kg/min, aerobic groups p<0.01, anaerobic groups p<0.02 | – | – |
| Dey 200254 | VO2max test: PAFA=44.9±1.48 mL/kg/min, SFA=40.0±2.19 mL/kg/min, controls=36.8±1.65 mL/kg/min, p<0.01 | – | – |
| Räty 200246 | – | – | Jumping height: soccer FA=26±3 cm, Weightlifting FA=27±4 cm, running FA=23±2 cm, marksmen FA=24±2 cm, p=0.012 Balance Test Completion Time: soccer FA=38±2.4 s, weightlifting FA=38±2.5 s, running FA=42±2.4 s, marksmen FA=37±2.4 s, 47-year-old controls=48±1.0 s, 57-year-old controls=54±1.2 s, p=0.38 between FA, p<0.01 between FA and controls Balance test times loss of balance: soccer FA=4.8±0.8, weightlifting FA=4.9±0.8, running FA=5.0±0.8, marksmen FA=3.5±0.8, 47-year-old controls=5.0±0.3, 57-year-old controls=7.1±0.4, p=0.49 between FA |
| Ravi 202045 | 6 min Walk Test: competitive FA=696.7 m (684.8–708.5), regular physical activity controls=667.5 m(662.3–672.7), no exercise controls=660.7 m(651.1–670.2), p<0.001 walking speed: competitive FA=2.9 m/s, regular physical activity controls=2.6 m/s, no exercise controls=2.6 m/s, p<0.001 | Handgrip force: competitive FA=333.5 n(322.6–344.4), regular physical activity controls=313.5 N (308.7–318.4), no exercise controls=305.5 N (296.4–314.5), p=0.001 Knee extension force: competitive FA=509.1 N (488.4–529.8), regular physical activity controls=460.4 N (452.7–468.4), no exercise controls=442.3 N (425.6–458.9), p<0.001 | Jumping height: competitive FA=21.3 cm, regular physical activity controls=19.0 cm, no exercise controls=18.7 cm, p<0.001 |
| Simon 201733 | 1 Mile Walk Test: FA=16.03± 1.54 min, controls=13.61± 1.24 min, p=0.03 | Sit to Stand Test: FA=17.97±5.79 reps, controls=22.29±6.14 reps, p=0.01 Push Up Test: FA=21.87±9.39 reps, controls=30.78±9.82 reps, p=0.01 Half Sit-Up Test: FA=49.59±6.26 reps, controls=49.96±7.18 reps, p value not stated | Back Scratch Test: FA=-3.68±-1.33 cm, controls=−3.97±-1.25 cm, p value not stated Sit and Reach Test: FA=25.79±8.51 cm, Controls=26.13±9.85 cm, p value not stated |
| Unt 200857 | VO2max test: PAFA=4.0±0.5 L/min, SFA=3.42±0.56 L/min, controls=3.44±0.53 L/min, p<0.001 PAFA compared with SFA and controls VO2max per body weight: PAFA=48.0±6.5 mL/kg/min, SFA=37.0±6.5 mL/kg/min, controls=37.9±7.1 mL/kg/min, p<0.001 PAFA compared with SFA and controls | – | Modified Balke Test: PAFA=4.4±0.7 W/kg, SFA=3.5±0.7 W/kg, Controls=3.6±0.9 W/kg, p<0.001 PAFA compared with SFA and controls |
FA, former athletes; PAFA, physically active former athletes; SFA, sedentary former athletes.