Baseline characteristics | LAD diagnosis (n=41) | No LAD diagnosis (n=19) | P value |
Age (median, range) | 17 (16–27) | 18 (16–28) | 0.80 |
Female gender (n, %) | 17 (41.5) | 7 (36.8) | 0.96 |
Training hours per week (mean, 95% CI) | 16.1 (14.9 to 17.4) | 15.6 (13.1 to 18.5) | 0.37 |
Type of sport (n, %) | |||
Winter sports | 26 (63.4) | 14 (73.7) | 0.44 |
Summer sports* | 6 (14.6) | 3 (15.8) | 0.44 |
Swimming | 8 (19.5) | 1 (5.3) | 0.44 |
Football/handball | 1 (2.4) | – | – |
Other | 1 (2.4) | – | – |
Ever had rhinitis (n, %) | 20 (48.8) | 7 (36.8) | 0.70 |
Inhalation allergy (n, %) | 22 (53.7) | 8 (42.1) | 0.58 |
Ever had eczema (n, %) | 15 (36.7) | 4 (9.8) | 0.44 |
Current asthma (n, %) Physician-diagnosed asthma (n, %) | 21 (51.2) 20 (48.8) | 5 (12.2) 4 (9.8) | 0.13 0.13 |
Current use of asthma medication, including ICS (n, %) | 20 (48.8) | 2 (10.5) | 0.67 |
Respiratory symptoms (n, %) | |||
Cough (wet or dry) | 31 (75.6) | 16 (84.2) | 0.52 |
Slime/mucus | 38 (92.7) | 17 (89.5) | 0.67 |
Heavy breathing/cannot get enough air | 32 (78.0) | 9 (22.0) | 0.13 |
Wheezing | 18 (43.9) | 6 (31.6) | 0.41 |
Chest pain | 21 (51.2) | 8 (42.1) | 0.59 |
Inspiratory stridor/something blocks the throat | 32 (78.0) | 11 (57.9) | 0.13 |
*Running (LAD vs no LAD; 1 vs 2), rowing (1 vs 1), cycling (2 vs 0), sailing (2 vs 0).
ICS, inhalation of corticoid steroids.