Table 2

Estimating the risk of heat-related illnesses during the 2026 FIFA World Cup Canada, Mexico, USA

Host city	Afternoon (15:00–18:00 hours)					Sunset	Evening (18:00–21:00 hours)
	Temperature		Humidity	WBGT*			Temperature		Humidity	WBGT†
	Min	Max	Humidity	Min	Max		Min	Max	Humidity	Min	Max
Atlanta	20°C	29°C	60%	22°C	30°C	20:45	17°C	25°C	73%	15°C	23°C
Boston	14°C	24°C	70%	18°C	26°C	20:20	12°C	20°C	78%	11°C	18°C
Dallas	23°C	33°C	56%	19°C	33°C	20:30	21°C	29°C	67%	18°C	26°C
Guadalajara	18°C	30°C	49%	20°C	29°C	20:36	15°C	28°C	68%	13°C	25°C
Houston	23°C	32°C	77%	26°C	34°C	20:20	22°C	28°C	82%	21°C	26°C
Kansas City	18°C	28°C	68%	16°C	30°C	20:45	14°C	24°C	77%	13°C	22°C
Los Angeles	16°C	26°C	60%	19°C	27°C	20:00	15°C	20°C	78%	13°C	18°C
Mexico City	13°C	26°C	60%	16°C	27°C	19:33	11°C	23°C	71%	9°C	21°C
Miami	24°C	32°C	69%	26°C	33°C	20:08	22°C	28°C	79%	20°C	26°C
Monterrey	27°C	36°C	51%	27°C	35°C	20:28	21°C	29°C	67%	18°C	26°C
New York/New Jersey	17°C	26°C	67%	14°C	28°C	20:23	12°C	21°C	80%	11°C	20°C
Philadelphia	17°C	27°C	64%	20°C	28°C	20:24	14°C	24°C	81%	13°C	22°C
San Francisco Bay Area	13°C	25°C	67%	17°C	27°C	20:28	9°C	20°C	80%	8°C	19°C
Seattle	12°C	21°C	69%	16°C	24°C	21:11	9°C	18°C	76%	8°C	16°C
Toronto	12°C	23°C	62%	15°C	25°C	20:53	7°C	19°C	77%	6°C	17°C
Vancouver	11°C	19°C	63%	15°C	21°C	21:20	9°C	17°C	79%	8°C	16°C

Estimates based on average environmental data recorded in June between 2012 and 2021.
WBGT risk categorised according to Football Australia guidelines; green: low risk, yellow: moderate risk and red: extreme risk.
WBGT was calculated using the formula provided by https://www.climatechip.org/excel-wbgt-calculator.
*Under the assumption of full sunshine (990 w/m² of solar radiation) and light wind (1.5 m/s).
†Under the assumption of light wind (1.5 m/s).
FIFA, Fédération Internationale de Football Association; max, maximum; min, minimum; WBGT, Wet Bulb Globe Temperature.