Results for primary and secondary outcomes for the control and intervention groups
| Baseline | Change from baseline to 4 months | ||||
| Control group (n=25) | Intervention group (n=21) | Control group (n=25) | Intervention group (n=21) | P value | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (95% CI) | Mean (95% CI) | ||
| OKS | 26.9 (6.5) | 26.7 (6.7) | 9.8 (7.1 to 12.6) | 12.1 (9.1 to 15.1) | 0.27 |
| TUG | 8.3 (1.7) | 9.4 (3.6) | −0.6 (−1.4 to 0.3) | −1.9 (−2.9 to −1.0) | 0.04 |
| Pain | 54.2 (21.6) | 57.1 (18.3) | −26.7 (−36.4 to −17.0) | −36.3 (−46.7 to −25.8) | 0.18 |
| 10-MWT | 1.6 (0.3) | 1.6 (0.4) | 0.1 (−0.0 to 0.2) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.3) | 0.06 |
| SPPB | |||||
| Total | 9.6 (1.5) | 9.5 (1.5) | 0.8 (0.1 to 1.4) | 1.1 (0.4 to 1.7) | 0.51 |
| Balance | 3.8 (0.5) | 3.8 (0.5) | 0.1 (−0.1 to 0.4) | −0.2 (−0.4 to 0.1) | 0.11 |
| Mobility | 3.9 (0.3) | 3.8 (0.8) | 0.1 (−0.1 to 0.3) | 0.2 (−0.0 to 0.4) | 0.64 |
| LE strength | 2.0 (1.1) | 2.0 (1.0) | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.0) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.6) | 0.12 |
| Muscle force | |||||
| Extension | 1.1 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.5) | −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.0) | −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.0) | 0.85 |
| Flexion | 0.6 (0.2) | 0.6 (0.3) | 0.1 (−0.0 to 0.1) | 0.1 (−0.0 to 0.3) | 0.88 |
| ROM | |||||
| Extension | 6.6 (4.1) | 7.3 (7.7) | 0.1 (−2.7 to 2.9) | −0.5 (−3.5 to 2.5) | 0.76 |
| Flexion | 107.0 (13.0) | 107.0 (18.0) | −7.0 (−13.0 to -2.0) | −1.0 (−8.0 to 5.0) | 0.17 |
Group mean and SD values at baseline, mean and 95% CI values indicating the within-group change from baseline to the end of the 4-month intervention period, and p values indicating the intergroup change in 4-month intervention.
LE, lower extremity; Muscle force, isometric muscle force of the operated lower limb (Nm/weight); 10-MWT, 10 m Walking Test; OKS, Oxford Knee Score ; ROM, range of motion; SPPB, Short Physical Performance Battery; TUG, Timed Up and Go.