Table 2
Overview of the study processes and data collection
| Enrolment | Allocation/baseline | 6-week follow-up | 12-week follow-up | |
| −t1 | t0 | t1 | t2 | |
| Enrolment | ||||
| Eligibility screen | X | |||
| Informed consent | X | |||
| Allocation | X | |||
| Interventions | ||||
| Intervention |  | |||
| Waitlist |  | |||
| Assessments | ||||
| Lumbar spine MRI | X | X | X | |
| Pain intensity | X | X | X | |
| Disability | X | X | X | |
| Feasibility |  | |||
| Sleep quality | X | X | X | |
| Insomnia severity | X | X | X | |
| Health-related quality of life | X | X | X | |
| Inflammatory blood markers | X | X | ||
| Habitual physical activity | X | X | X | |
| Past exercise history | X | |||
| Recovery and treatment expectations | X | X | X | |
| Activity-specific beliefs | X | X | X | |
| Kinesiophobia | X | X | X | |
| Depression, anxiety and stress | X | X | X | |
| Pain catastrophising | X | X | X | |
| Pain self-efficacy | X | X | X | |
| Social support | X | X | X | |
| Pressure pain thresholds | X | X | ||
| Exercise-induced hypoalgesia | X | X | ||
| Adverse events |  | |||
| Participant feedback | X | |||
| Physical assessments | X | |||