Wash-out period for pre-exercise of D1 and D3 to blood pressure, blood glucose and plasma lipid levels
| Cardiometabolic markers | Golf | Nordic walk | Walk | ||||||
| All (n=8) | All (n=9) | All (n=9) | |||||||
| d1 (pre-exercise) | d3 (pre-exercise) | P value* | d1 (pre-exercise) | d3 (pre-exercise) | P value* | d1 (pre-exercise) | d3 (pre-exercise) | P value* | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 140±13 | 139±13 | 0.779 | 154±24 | 153±17 | 0.575 | 139±22 | 137±18 | 0.813 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 88±8 | 77±8 | 0.075 | 92±13 | 89±13 | 0.161 | 85±11 | 83±8 | 0.327 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.94±1.25 | 4.63±1.17 | 0.011 | 5.12±0.62 | 5.10±0.37 | 0.670 | 5.54±1.35 | 5.47±1.36 | 0.309 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L | 1.10±0.39 | 0.94±0.37 | 0.207 | 1.04±0.34 | 0.93±0.20 | 0.327 | 0.92±0.39 | 0.97±0.34 | 0.515 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.61±0.91 | 2.57±1.02 | 0.672 | 2.99±0.39 | 2.99±0.20 | 1.000 | 3.09±1.09 | 3.23±1.10 | 0.092 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.67±0.48 | 1.65±0.50 | 0.611 | 1.62±0.35 | 1.63±0.32 | 0.735 | 1.87±0.71 | 1.84±0.68 | 0.406 |
| Blood glucose (mmol/L) | 5.88±0.45 | 5.62±0.24 | 0.175 | 6.00±0.84 | 5.48±0.53 | 0.075 | 5.7±0.37 | 5.67±0.51 | 0.236 |
n (golf)=8, n (Nordic walking)=8, n (walking)=9.
Bold values indicates a statistically significant difference with a p-value less than 0.05.
*To determine group differences for day 1 (pre-exercise) and day 3 (pre-exercise), the data were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
d1, day1; d3, day3; HDL-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.