CMR patient characteristics
| Study | Patient selection | Age (years) | Time to CMR (days) | Severity no. (%)* | Study population | EDV (mL) | EDV index (mL/m2) | EF (%) | Troponin elevated no. (%) | |||
| LV | RV | LV | RV | LV | RV | |||||||
| Hendrickson et al31 | 5 SARS-CoV-2 recovered competitive college athletes (68% men) | 20 (18–27)† | 16 (12–34) | 1: 25 (18)† 2: 75 (55)† 3: 37 (27)† | 5 SARS-CoV-2 recovered collegiate athletes | NR | NR | 98 (90–111) | 92 (82–100) | 56 (53–62) | 56 (52–62) | 4 (3)† |
| Vago et al32 | 12 elite athletes recovered from COVID-19 (17% men) | 23 (20–23) | 17 (17–19) | 1:2 (17) 2:10 (83) | 10 female athletes | NR | NR | 100 (95–110) | NR | 58 (55 –61) | NR | 0 (0) |
| 15 age-matched and sex-matched healthy elite athletes | NR | NR | 102 (98–109) | NR | 57 (54–60) | NR | 0 (0) | |||||
| 15 healthy controls | NR | NR | 85 (80–89) | NR | 60 (58–63) | NR | 0 (0) | |||||
| Rajpal et al26 | 26 competitive college athletes with COVID-19 (58% men) | 19.5 (±1.5) | 11–53 | 1:14 (54) 2:12 (46) | 26 college athletes | NR | NR | NR | NR | 58 | 57 | 0 (0) |
| Malek et al33 | 26 elite volleyball and soccer athletes with COVID-19 (19% men) | 24 (21–27) | 32 (22–62) | 1: 6 (23) 2:14 (54) 3:5 (19) 4:1 (4) | 26 post-COVID-19 consecutive elite athletes | NR | NR | 95 (84–106) | 96 (85–105) | 61 (60–62) | 59 (57–60) | 0 (0) |
| Brito et al27 | 48 student athletes recovered from COVID-19 (85% men) | 19 (19–21) | 27 (22–33) | 1:16 (30) 2:36 (66) 3:2 (4) | 37 symptomatic athletes | NR | NR | 104.7 (93.1–117.2) | 92.4 (82.9–107.3) | 60.3 (56.7–63.3) | 54.6 (47.6–59.8) | 1 (3) |
| 11 asymptomatic athletes | NR | NR | 114.4 (99.5–118.7) | 99.8 (95.5–105.3) | 59.09 (54.8–61.6) | 51.3 (50.8–57.2) | 0 (0) | |||||
| Clark et al34 | 59 college athletes recovered from COVID-19 (37% men) | 20 (19–34) | 21.5 (13–37) | 1:13 (22) 2:46 (78) | 59 post-COVID-19 athletes | 160 (143–213) | 184 (153–240) | 93 (84–100) | 100 (91–115) | 60 (56–63) | 53 (50–56) | NR |
| 27 healthy controls | 164 (138–210) | 166 (136–210) | 88 (78–99) | 89 (78–104) | 60 (57–64) | 58 (55–60) | NR | |||||
| 60 athletic controls | 195 (167–235) | 201 (170–241) | 95 (86–111) | 99 (87–117) | 58 (56–60) | 53 (51–57) | NR | |||||
| Starekova et al28 | 145 competitive student athletes recovered from COVID-19 (74% men) | 20 (17–23) | 15 (11–194) | 1:24 (17) 2:71 (49) 3:40 (28) | 145 post-COVID-19 student athletes | NR | NR | 104 (26) | 110 (22) | 58 (5) | 54 (6) | 2 (1) |
| Moulson et al24 | 312 SARS-CoV-2 recovered athletes (52% men) | 20 (±2) | 33 (18–63) | 1: 5‡ 2: 4‡ 3: 4‡ 4: 8‡ | 312 SARS-CoV-2 recovered athletes | NR | NR | NR | NR | 55 (41–67)‡ | NR | 24 (1)§ |
| Daniels et al25 | 1597 college athletes recovered from COVID-19 (60% men) | NR | 22 (10–77) | NR | 1597 SARS-CoV-2 recovered college athletes | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | 6 (0–4) |
*1: asymptomatic-, 2: mild-, 3: moderate- and 4: severe symptoms.
†Values based on the total CMR study population (n=137).
‡Values only based on SARS-CoV-2 pericardial/myocardial involved athletes (n=21); no data were reported for the total CMR study population (n=312).
§Values based on the entire study (n=2719) population, not specified for the CMR study population.
CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance; EDV, end-diastolic volume ; EF, ejection fraction; LV, left ventricle; RV, right ventricle.