Adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) of the factors of insufficient physical activity for men and women*
| Variables | Male | Female | ||
| APR (95% CI) | P value | APR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age group (in years) | ||||
| 60–69 years | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 70–79 years | 1.21 (1.10 to 1.34) | <0.001 | 1.39 (1.26 to 1.54) | <0.001 |
| 80+ years | 1.59 (1.41 to 1.79) | <0.001 | 1.76 (1.57 to 1.97) | <0.001 |
| Place of residence | ||||
| Rural | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Non-slum urban | 1.46 (1.31 to 1.63) | <0.001 | 1.33 (1.19 to 1.48) | <0.001 |
| Slum | 1.49 (1.32 to 1.69) | <0.001 | 1.10 (0.96 to 1.27) | 0.174 |
| Educational status | ||||
| No formal education | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 1–5 years | 1.02 (0.89 to 1.17) | 0.739 | 0.99 (0.83 to 1.16) | 0.860 |
| 6–10 years | 1.12 (1.01 to 1.25) | 0.038 | 0.98 (0.86 to 1.12) | 0.728 |
| >10 years | 1.21 (1.06 to 1.37) | 0.004 | 0.92 (0.69 to 1.23) | 0.582 |
| Occupation | ||||
| Working | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Not working/homemaker | 1.91 (1.74 to 2.09) | <0.001 | 1.33 (1.12 to 1.58) | 0.001 |
| Household income | ||||
| Lower income | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Higher income | NA | NA | 1.12 (1.02 to 1.23) | 0.019 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Currently married | Ref. | |||
| Others† | 1.14 (1.02 to 1.28) | 0.022 | 1.4 (1.22 to 1.60) | <0.001 |
| Religion | ||||
| Others‡ | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Muslim | NA | NA | 1.07 (0.94 to 1.21) | 0.315 |
| Sedentary time | ||||
| ≤7 hours/day | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| >7 hours/day | 1.37 (1.25 to 1.50) | <0.001 | 1.40 (1.28 to 1.53) | <0.001 |
| Fruits and vegetables consumption | ||||
| ≥5 servings/day | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| <5 servings/day | 1.25 (1.06 to 1.48) | 0.007 | 1.21 (0.96 to 1.54) | 0.110 |
| Self-reported hypertension | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 1.15 (1.05 to 1.26) | 0.002 | 1.14 (1.04 to 1.25) | 0.006 |
| Self-reported diabetes | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 1.06 (0.93 to 1.20) | 0.424 | 1.18 (1.05 to 1.33) | 0.005 |
| Self-reported heart disease | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 1.06 (0.96 to 1.17) | 0.247 | 1.09 (0.97 to 1.22) | 0.139 |
| Self-reported asthma | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 1.13 (1.03 to 1.24) | 0.013 | 1.04 (0.92 to 1.17) | 0.548 |
| Waist circumference | ||||
| Male: <90 cm/female: <80 cm | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Male: ≥90 cm/female: ≥80 cm | 1.20 (1.08 to 1.33) | <0.001 | 1.08 (0.98 to 1.19) | 0.118 |
*The outcome variable of Poisson regression analysis was insufficient physical activity (≥150 of physical activity per week=0, <150 min of physical activity per week=1).
†Never married, widows, divorced and separated.
‡Hindu, Christian, Buddhist and others.
NA, not applicable; Ref, reference category.