Studies that evaluate PA and proposed potential underlying biological mechanisms
| Ref | Author | Year of publication | Country | Aim/purpose | Study population | Study design | PA type+duration | Outcomes | Proposed biological mechanism |
| 31 | Banerjee S, Manley K, Shaw B, Lewis L, Cucato G, Mills R, Rochester M, Clark A and Saxton J M | 2018 | UK | To evaluate the feasibility of vigorous intensity aerobic interval exercise in patients with BC prior to radical cystectomy. | Patients with BC patients prior to radical cystectomy (n=60). | RCT | Twice-weekly preoperative supervised vigorous intensity aerobic interval exercise in addition to standard treatment. | Improvements in oxygen pulse and power output were observed at the follow-up CPET in the exercise group vs controls. | Presurgical aerobic interval exercise and the improvements in cardiopulmonary fitness variables could have important implications for postoperative recuperation after RC. |
| 34 | Banerjee, S, Manley, K, Thomas, L, Shaw B, Saxton J, Mills R and Rochester M | 2013 | UK | Test the effect of a short preoperative course of supervised exercise in cardiopulmonary fitness. | Patients with BC who underwent radical cystectomy (n=30). | RCT | Patients in the intervention arm were offered twice weekly supervised exercise sessions preoperatively for 4 weeks, while the control arm had standard care. | In the control group, VO2 max was 22.8 (12.9–41.0) mL/kg/min, and the mean change was 0.48 mL/kg/min (95% CI −0.71 to 1.67) following the intervention. In the intervention arm, initial average VO2 max was 20.38 mL/kg/min, which increased to an average of 25.5 mL/kg/min. | Patients comply with a supervised exercise regime, and there seems to be an improvement in their cardiorespiratory fitness. |
BC, bladder cancer; CPET, cardiopulmonary exercise testing; PA, physical activity; RC, radical cystectomy; RCT, randomised clinical trial; VO2, maximum rate of O2 consumption.