Table 3

The experience of negative life events in men and women elite athletes

		% Experienced		Test statistics
		Men	Women	χ²	P value	φ
Serious illness or injury	Ever	46.6	50.7	0.88	0.35	0.04
Serious illness or injury	Last 12 months	15.1	16.8	0.28	0.60	0.02
Serious illness or injury (of a close relative)	Ever	53.0	51.4	0.14	0.71	0.02
Serious illness or injury (of a close relative)	Last 12 months	14.7	14.4	0.01	0.93	0.00
Bereavement	Ever	55.6	53.8	0.18	0.68	0.02
Bereavement	Last 12 months	16.4	13.0	1.18	0.28	0.05
Separation	Ever	25.9	22.3	0.92	0.34	0.04
Separation	Last 12 months	6.9	8.2	0.32	0.57	0.02
Interpersonal conflict	Ever	12.9	26.0	13.7	<0.001	0.16
Interpersonal conflict	Last 12 months	3.0	7.5	5.05	0.03	0.10
Financial hardship	Ever	22.0	32.5	7.16	0.01	0.12
Financial hardship	Last 12 months	6.0	9.2	1.85	0.15	0.06
Stalked by fan	Ever	3.4	7.2	3.47	0.06	0.08
Stalked by fan	Last 12 months	1.7	2.1	0.08	0.78	0.01
Discrimination	Ever	12.1	20.2	6.18	0.01	0.11
Discrimination	Last 12 months	1.7	7.5	9.25	0.00	0.13
Social media abuse	Ever	9.9	16.1	4.27	0.04	0.09
Social media abuse	Last 12 months	1.7	5.8	5.64	0.02	0.10
Victim of crime	Ever	6.9	10.6	2.19	0.14	0.06
Victim of crime	Last 12 months	0.9	2.4	1.81	0.18	0.06
Undervalued	Ever	34.5	42.8	3.76	0.05	0.08
Undervalued	Last 12 months	9.9	13.0	1.21	0.27	0.05
Involved with police	Ever	3.0	1.4	1.71	0.06	0.06
Involved with police	Last 12 months	0.0	0.7	1.6	0.21	0.06
Uncertainty with financial support	Ever	30.6	36.3	1.88	0.17	0.06
Uncertainty with financial support	Last 12 months	11.2	12.7	0.26	0.61	0.02