Table 2

Downs and black methodological quality assessment results

Article reference
CriteriaDe Mey
et al53
Hardwick
et al54
Kaur
et al55
Kibler
et al56
Maenhout
et al57
Maenhout
et al58
Nagai
et al59
Nakamura
et al52
Smith
et al60
Tsuruike and Ellenbecker61Uhl
et al62
Yamauchi
et al63
Criteria 1–101111111111111
Reporting2111111111111
3111111X1XX1X
41111X1111111
5 (/2)XXXXXXXXXXXX
61111111XX111
711111111X111
8XX1XXXXXXXXX
9111111111111
1011111111XXX1
Criteria 11–1311UTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTD
External validity12UTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTD
13UTD1UTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTD1UTDUTDUTD
Criteria 14–2014111111111111
Internal validity bias15UTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTD
16111111111111
1711111111111UTD
1811111111UTD111
19111111111111
20111111111111
Criteria 21–262111UTDUTDUTDUTDUTD1111UTD
Internal validity22UTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTDUTD
Selection bias23XX1XXXXXXXXX
24XXXXXXXXXXXX
25XXXXXXXXXXXX
26111111111111
Criteria 2727111000000000
Modified powerTotal161818151415141512141513
% Agreement100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%100%
Quality gradeFairFairFairFairFairFairFairFairPoorFairFairPoor
  • For article scoring: 1=score given; X=no score given. Embedded Image, items deemed less pertinent to the quality of investigatory EMG studies; Embedded Image, items deemed most pertinent to the quality of investigatory EMG studies.

  • EMG, electromyography; UTD, unable to determine.