Physical exercises, characteristic and body composition changes and of the subjects from the baseline to PiPy
| Base-line | PiPy | Changes for all subjects/males/females | P-values | |
| All (male/female) | 772 (610/162) | 772 (610/162) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.8±3.5 (22.1±3.7/20.6±2.7) | 22.2±3.3 (22.4±3.3/21.4±2.9) | 0.4±1.0 (0.3±0.9/0.8±1.3) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 116.8±11.0 (118.9±10.6/108.9±8.6) | 114.6±11.5 (115.9±11.2/107.0±9.6) | −3.2±9.6 (−3.4±9.8/–2.3±8.5) | <0.001 (<0.001/0.002) |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 68.0±7.0 (68.1±7.1/67.4±6.5) | 65.2±8.9 (65.5±9.0/64.1±8.4) | −2.9±8 (−2.7±8/–3.5±7.9) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 82.8±12.7 (81.4±12.2/88.4±13.1) | 72.5±12.7 (71.3±10.6/77.0±9.5) | −10.4±11.2 (−10.2±10.9/–11±12.2) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| Run 50 m (sec) | 7.93±0.94 (7.53±0.50/9.41±0.69) | 7.88±3.29 (7.43±0.41/9.57±0.63) | −0.15±0.41 (−0.09±0.36/–0.4±0.49) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| Run 1000 m for males (min) | 4.08±0.51 | 3.68±0.39 | −0.39±0.46 | <0.001 |
| Run 800 m for females (min) | 3.99±0.43 | 3.47±0.71 | −0.52±0.69 | <0.001 |
| Standing long jump (cm) | 206.04±29.99 (217.76±20.37/161.49±15.72) | 218.12±30.14 (230.54±18.73/170.95±15.23) | 12.08±12.77 (12.78±13.06/9.47±10.78) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| Handgrip (n) | 34.26±9.15 (37.30±7.46/23.38±5.45) | 39.52±11.32 (43.01±9.67/27.06±6.70) | 5.26±8.91 (5.70±9.04/3.68±7.81) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| Sit and reach (cm) | 8.04±7.94 (7.35±7.90/10.95±7.31) | 15.37±7.70 (14.71±7.82/18.01±6.63) | 7.33±6.83 (7.37±6.81/7.06±6.89) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| Pull-up for males (n) | 3.53±3.75 | 5.45±4.21 | 1.92±3.08 | <0.001 |
| Sit-up for females (n) | 32.33±10.38 | 35.70±8.54 | 3.37±7.73 | <0.001 |
| Relative fat value (%) | 18.10±9.15 (15.36±7.99/28.42±4.84) | 19.4±8.23 (16.89±7.06/28.94±4.62) | 1.289±3.023 (1.5±3.208/0.488±1.997) | <0.001 (<0.001/0.002) |
| Absolute fat value (%) | 12.119±7.381 (11.133±7.626/15.833±4.834) | 13.078±6.893 (12.12±7.00/16.71±5.02) | 0.957±2.400 (0.987±2.583/0.843±1.513) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
| Visceral fat (%) | 1.31±0.76 (1.39±0.83/1.02±0.22) | 1.28±0.66 (1.35±0.72/1.03±0.20) | −0.02±0.46 (−0.03±0.51/0.01±0.13) | 0.150 (0.132/0.745) |
| Skeletal muscle content (%) | 10.399±2.686 (11.501±1.728/6.254±1.172) | 10.673±2.497 (11.7±1.561/6.766±1.177) | 0.248±0.643 (0.179±0.64/0.513±0.586) | <0.001 (<0.001/<0.001) |
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PiPy, Physical exercise Intervention Program in the Youth; SBP, systolic blood pressure.