The relationship between characteristics of bicyclists with PCS and the number of PCS symptoms (n=28)
| 1–3 | 4–6 | 7–9 | 10+ | N (% of sample) | Test statistic | |
| n (% of sample) | 4 (14.3) | 9 (32.1) | 7 (25.0) | 8 (28.6) | 28 (100.0) | |
| Sex, n (%) | P=0.59* | |||||
| Male | 2 (7.1) | 5 (17.9) | 3 (10.7) | 3 (10.7) | 13 (46.4) | |
| Female | 2 (7.1) | 4 (14.3) | 4 (14.3) | 5 (17.9) | 15 (53.6) | |
| Age at time of concussion, n (%) | P=0.35† | |||||
| ≤29 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (10.7) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (3.6) | 5 (17.9) | |
| 30–64 | 3 (10.7) | 6 (21.4) | 6 (21.4) | 7 (25.0) | 22 (78.6) | |
| ≥65 | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | |
| Previous concussion, n (%) | P=0.06† | |||||
| 0 | 1 (3.6) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (7.1) | 3 (10.7) | 8 (28.6) | |
| 1–3 | 2 (7.1) | 7 (25.0) | 4 (14.3) | 2 (7.1) | 15 (53.6) | |
| 4–7 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (7.1) | |
| ≥8 | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (7.1) | 3 (10.7) | |
| Pre-existing conditions, n (%) | P=0.05* | |||||
| Migraines | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (7.1) | 5 (17.9) | |
| Anxiety | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (7.1) | |
| Depression | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | |
| ADD/ADHD | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.1) | |
| Bipolar disorder | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | |
| Multiple comorbidities | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (7.1) | 5 (17.9) | |
| None | 4 (14.3) | 1 (3.6) | 4 (14.3) | 1 (3.6) | 12 (42.9) | |
| Helmet use, n (%) | P=0.69* | |||||
| Yes | 3 (10.7) | 8 (28.6) | 3 (10.7) | 6 (21.4) | 20 (71.4) | |
| No | 1 (3.6) | 1 (3.6) | 4 (14.3) | 2 (10.7) | 8 (28.6) | |
| Recovery status, n (%) | P=0.03* | |||||
| Recovered | 2 (7.1) | 2 (7.1) | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (17.9) | |
| Not recovered | 2 (7.1) | 7 (25.0) | 6 (21.4) | 8 (28.6) | 23 (82.1) |
*Mann-Whitney U test.
†Kruskal-Wallis H test.
PCS, postconcussion syndrome.