Comparisons of pre-exercise and post-exercise α1-AGP excretion between groups at sea level and twice at altitude
| Placebo | P value (Z-score) | Losartan | P value (Z-score) | |||
| Baseline α1-AGP excretion | ||||||
| Pre-exercise | 3.5±4.4 | 0.038 (−2.07) | 1.4±2.8 | 0.028 (−2.20) | ||
| ΔPre-0 min to post-60 min | 8.4±16.3 | – | 13.8±22.5 | – | ||
| Post-60 min | 13.7±13.8 | – | 13.5±33.3 | – | ||
| Post-120 min | 1.8±1.2 | 0.008 (−2.67)* | 1.6±2.7 | 0.013 (−2.50)* | ||
| Post-180 min | 1.5±2.2 | 0.008 (−2.67)* | 1.2±1.7 | 0.017 (−2.38) | ||
| Placebo | P value (Z-score) | Losartan | P value (Z-score) | Placebo +acetazolamide | P value (Z-score) | |
| Altitude α1-AGP excretion | ||||||
| Pre-exercise | 3.1±5.3 | 0.022 (−2.29) | 2.4±3.4 | 0.009 (−2.60)* | 4.4±5.7 | 0.16 (−1.4) |
| ΔPre- to post-60 min | 7.9±14.3 | – | 4.8±9.9 | – | 1.2±11.03† | 0.16 (−1.4) |
| Post-60 min | 11.5±19.2 | – | 8.2±5.9 | – | 7.7±12.1 | – |
| Post-120 min | 3.2±2.4 | 0.007 (−2.70)* | 2.8±4.4 | 0.012 (−2.52)* | 3.4±5.0 | – |
| Post-180 min | 1.3±4.3 | 0.011 (−2.55)* | 1.5±1.5 | 0.018 (−2.4) | 2.7±4.2 | 0.025 (−2.24) |
Urinary α1-AGP excretion rates (μg/min) are presented as median ±IQR before (pre-exercise, 0 min) and after (post-60, post-120 and post180 min) exercise initiation. Results are presented for placebo versus losartan (baseline), placebo versus losartan (first altitude exercise) and pre-acetazolamide versus acetazolamide (first compared with second altitude exercise).
*Represents the significance of post-60 min α1-AGP excretion (p≤ 0.0125) compared with excretion at other time points.
†Represents the significant (p≤0.05) difference between groups (ie, placebo vs losartan or placebo vs placebo +acetazolamide) at the respective time point. Z-scores are presented in parenthesis where appropriate.
α1-AGP, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein.