Acquired | |
Non-traumatic, non-exertional | Alcohol/drug abuse* |
Medication* | |
Toxic agents | |
Anaesthetics and neuromuscular blocking agents | |
Infections | |
Electrolyte disturbances | |
Endocrine disorders | |
Inflammatory myopathies | |
Temperature extremes | |
Muscle ischaemia | |
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome | |
Non-traumatic, exertional | Extreme physical exertion |
Sickle cell crisis | |
Status epilepticus | |
Hyperkinetic syndrome | |
Status asthmaticus | |
Traumatic | Multiple injuries |
Crush injury | |
Electrical injury | |
Extensive burns | |
Vascular/orthopaedic surgery | |
Prolonged immobility | |
Genetic | |
Inborn errors of | Glycolysis/glycogenolysis |
Lipid metabolism | |
Krebs cycle | |
Purin nucleotide cycle | |
Mitochondrial respiratory chain | |
Mitochondrial tRNA | |
Myopathies | |
Muscular dystrophies | |
Miyoshi myopathy | |
Fukutin-related proteinopathy | |
Malignant hyperthermia due to ryanodine receptor type 1 mutations. |
*For details see table 3.