Table 2

Standardised clinical examination (SCE)

Examination manoeuvre	Description	Positive test
Restricted passive range of motion (ROM)	With patient supine, each hip is passively raised into end-range flexion. From that position, the hip is rotated internally and externally to end range. The hip is passively placed into end-range extension.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain. Restriction of visually assessed ROM compared with contralateral side.
Flexion abduction external rotation (FABER)21	With patient supine, the provider places the heel of the examined leg over the opposite knee. The hip is passively externally rotated and abducted via pressure on the knee.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain. Restriction of mobility compared with contralateral side.
Resisted supine hip abduction6	With patient supine, the leg is placed in neutral abduction. The patient is asked to push the leg into abduction with as much force as possible for up to 5 s.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain.
Resisted hip adduction24	With patient supine, clinician places forearm between bilateral knees. Patient squeezes the clinician forearm with as much force as possible for up to 5 s.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain.
Resisted external derotation test25	With patient supine, the hip is flexed to 90° and externally rotated. The patient attempts to return leg to neutral rotation against resistance.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain.
Flexion adduction internal rotation (FADIR)6	With patient supine, the hip is flexed to 90°. Adduction and internal rotation of the hip is applied.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain.
Thomas test15	With the patient supine and the contralateral hip maximally flexed, the clinician passively extends the symptomatic hip.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain. Reproduction of painful clicking.
Log roll test38	With the patient supine and hip in neutral flexion and abduction, the lower extremity is passively rolled into maximal internal and external rotation.	Reproduction of concordant hip pain. Restricted ROM compared with contralateral side. Presence of painful ‘clicking’.