Echocardiogram characteristics of collegiate football players
| Echo metric (mm) | Overall | Race | Mean difference | Effect size | Position group | Mean difference | Effect size | ||
| Black | White | Non-linemen | Linemen | ||||||
| Mean (SD) (Range) | Mean (SD) (Range) | (95% CI) | Cohen’s d | Mean (SD) (range) | (95% CI) | Cohen’s d | |||
| ARD | 29.8 (3.7) (18.0–39.7) | 29.8 (3.9) (18.0–39.7) | 29.8 (3.3) (23.0–39.0) | 0.02 (−0.8 to 0.7) | 0.01 | 29.1 (3.4) (20.6–39.7) | 31.0 (3.7) (18.0–39.0) | 2.0 (1.1 to 2.8) | 0.55* |
Sample size (N) for ARD: overall (340), Black (197), White (142), non-linemen (214), linemen (126).
*P<0.001.
ARD, aortic root diameter.