LVEDD and IVSD reference values by BSA group
| Echo measure (mm) | Overall sample | BSA reference group | General population male norms2 | ||
| Below average | Average | Above average | |||
| 1.72–2.94 m2 | 1.72–2.05 m2 | 2.06–2.57 m2 | 2.58–2.94 m2 | ||
| LVEDD | |||||
| Normal | <59.6 | <57.40 | <59.1 | <61.9 | 42.0–58.0 |
| Mildly abnormal | 59.6–61.4 | 57.4–59.1 | 59.1–60.9 | 61.9–63.5 | 59.0–63.0 |
| Moderately abnormal | 61.5–63.7 | 59.2–61.3 | 61.0–63.0 | 63.6–65.5 | 64.0–68.0 |
| Severely abnormal | >63.7 | >61.3 | >63.0 | >65.5 | >68.0 |
| IVSD | |||||
| Normal | <12.3 | <11.3 | <12.1 | <13.2 | 6.0–11.0 |
| Mildly abnormal | 12.3–12.9 | 11.3–11.8 | 12.1–12.7 | 13.2–13.8 | 11.0–13.0 |
| Moderately abnormal | 13.0–13.6 | 11.9–12.5 | 12.8–13.3 | 13.9–14.6 | 14.0–16.0 |
| Severely abnormal | >13.6 | >12.5 | >13.3 | >14.6 | >16.0 |
Our definitions for BSA reference groups:
Normal: <95th percentile or Z<1.6.
Mildly abnormal: 95th–98th percentile or 1.6<Z<2.0.
Moderately abnormal: 98th–99th percentile or 2.0<Z<2.5.
Severely abnormal: >99th percentile or Z>2.5.
BSA, body surface area; IVSD, interventricular septum diameter; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastole diameter.