Table 2

Patient-reported outcomes response to treatment

SmokersNon-smokersIntergroup comparison
Baseline2 yearsChangeP valuesBaseline2 yearsChangeP valuesP values
ASES42.161.519.4<0.001*52.387.535.2<0.001*0.005*
VAS69.918.551.4<0.001*52.812.040.8<0.001*0.14
WORC1386598788<0.001*1213297916<0.001*0.27

  • Intergroup comparison is the change in scores between the smoker and non-smoker groups.

  • *Indicates p<0.05.

  • ASES, American Shoulder and Elbow Score; VAS, Visual Analogue Pain Score; WORC, Western Ontario Rotator Cuff index.