Sagittal plane hip range of movement and peak hip joint moments during gait in people with chronic low back pain and asymptomatic individuals
| Asymptomatic | Chronic low back pain | P value | |
| Left maximum hip flexion (°) | 34.35 (5.55) | 33.70 (8.55) | 0.78 |
| Right maximum hip flexion (°) | 34.46 (4.51) | 33.82 (9.17) | 0.79 |
| Left maximum hip extension (°) | −9.71 (7.39) | −10.44 (9.02) | 0.80 |
| Right maximum hip extension (°) | −9.40 (6.67) | −9.12 (8.74) | 0.92 |
| Left hip range of movement (°) | 44.07 (3.94) | 44.14 (4.79) | 0.97 |
| Left hip extensor moment (Nmm/kg) | 1029.30 (329.38) | 955.80 (429.78) | 0.58 |
| Right hip extensor moment (Nmm/kg) | 960.99 (235.24) | 1029.57 (460.62) | 0.94* |
| Left hip flexor moment (Nmm/kg) | −990.76 (184.25) | −1098.07 (231.85) | 0.14 |
| Right hip flexor moment (Nmm/kg) | −1041.87 (174.80) | −977.77 (194.64) | 0.31 |
Summary measures represent means (SD).
*Represents Mann-Whitney U test for non-parametric data, otherwise independent t-test conducted.
Nmm/kg, Newton-millimetre/kilogram.