Study | PRP type* | Number of injections | Injection contents and volume† | |
PRP | Control | |||
Behera et al13 | 4B | 1 | 3 mL PRP, 0.5 mL calcium chloride | 3 mL bupivacaine, 0.5 mL normal saline |
de Jonge et al14 | 1A | 1 | 4 mL PRP | 4 mL normal saline |
Dragoo et al15 | 1A | 1 | 3 mL bupivacaine → 6 mL PRP | 3 mL bupivacaine |
Gautam et al16 | 3B | 1 | 2 mL PRP | 2 mL methylprednisolone |
Gosens et al17 | 1A | 1 | 3 mL PRP | 3 mL triamcinolone |
Kesikburun et al18 | 1A | 1 | 1 mL lidocaine → 5 mL PRP | 1 mL lidocaine → 5 mL normal saline |
Krogh et al19 | 1A | 1 | 10–15 mL lidocaine → 3 mL PRP | 10–15 mL lidocaine → 3 mL normal saline |
Krogh et al40 | 1A | 1 | 10–15 mL lidocaine → 3 mL PRP | 10–15 mL lidocaine → 1 mL triamcinolone, 2 mL lidocaine |
Krogh et al20 | 1A | 1 | 10–15 mL lidocaine → 6 mL PRP | 10–15 mL lidocaine → 6 mL normal saline |
Lebiedziński et al21 | 3B | 1 | 3 mL PRP | 1 mL betamethasone, 2 mL lignocaine |
Mishra et al22 | 1A | 1 | Bupivacaine‡ → 2–3 mL PRP | Bupivacaine‡ → 2–3 mL bupivacaine |
Montalvan et al23 | 3B | 2§ | 2 mL lidocaine → 2 mL PRP | 2 mL lidocaine → 2 mL normal saline |
Palacio et al24 | 3B | 1 | 3 mL PRP | 3 mL neocaine |
Palacio et al24 | 3B | 1 | 3 mL PRP | 3 mL dexamethasone |
Rha et al25 | 1A | 2§ | <1 mL lidocaine → 3 mL PRP | <1 mL lidocaine |
Shams et al26 | 3B | 1 | 2–2.5 mL PRP | 5 mL triamcinolone |
Stenhouse et al27 | 3B | 2§ | 1–2 mL lignocaine → 2 mL PRP | 1–2 mL lignocaine |
Yadav et al28 | #A¶ | 1 | 1 mL PRP | 1 mL methylprednisolone |
*From Mishra et al41 (1A=high platelet concentration with leucocyte counts > whole blood and no exogenous platelet activation, 3B=low platelet concentration with leucocyte counts < whole blood and no exogenous platelet activation, 4B=3B but with exogenous platelet activation).
†‘→’ implies sequential injection.
‡Volume unspecified.
§Injections separated by 4-week interval.
¶Leucocyte concentration and activation method unknown.
PRP, platelet-rich plasma.