The comparison in the performance difference on two interventions by groups
| FSP OFF | FSP ON | p Value | Feedback OFF | Feedback ON | p Value | |
| Depth accuracy (%) | ||||||
| BLS-ATS | 35.2 (16.8–85.3) | 37.6 (21.9–57.8) | 0.56 | 22.0 (7.3–36.2) | 71.3 (35.4–86.5) | 0.002* |
| BLS-EMS | 40.6 (1.9–71.2) | 26.1 (6.9–56.7) | 0.64 | 9.3 (0.4–53.2) | 45.1 (18.6–69.7) | 0.06 |
| ACLS-EMS | 38.2 (3.2–79.2) | 37.5 (18.9–69.7) | 0.82 | 22.0 (4.4–59.9) | 58.8 (17.6–78.8) | 0.18 |
| Depth (cm) | ||||||
| BLS-ATS | 5.4 (4.9–6.1) | 5.1 (4.5–5.2) | 0.05 | 4.9 (4.4–5.2) | 5.4 (5.1–5.7) | 0.04* |
| BLS-EMS | 5.8 (5.1–6.2) | 5.1 (4.2–5.8) | 0.16 | 5.4 (4.2–6.0) | 5.5 (5.0–5.9) | 0.49 |
| ACLS-EMS | 6.1 (5.7–6.5) | 5.6 (4.7–6.1) | 0.06 | 6.0 (5.1–6.5) | 5.8 (5.4–6.3) | 0.69 |
| Rate accuracy (%) | ||||||
| BLS-ATS | 45.1 (14.3–89.8) | 61.5 (17.2–84.3) | 0.73 | 38.9 (10.3–92.8) | 61.3 (26.4–72.1) | 0.86 |
| BLS-EMS | 64.9 (14.3–79.3) | 57.7 (39.4–85.1) | 0.82 | 70.0 (7.4–87.5) | 57.8 (50.5–70.9) | 0.60 |
| ACLS-EMS | 0.0 (0.0–71.7) | 14.3 (0.1–68.2) | 0.42 | 0.2 (0.0–76.7) | 30.5 (0.0–64.2) | 0.76 |
| Rate (cpm) | ||||||
| BLS-ATS | 110 (100–125) | 106 (100–123) | 0.69 | 112 (97–124) | 105 (100–125) | 0.95 |
| BLS-EMS | 104 (100–125) | 106 (100–120) | 1.00 | 110 (102–126) | 101 (99–115) | 0.17 |
| ACLS-EMS | 137 (105–141) | 130 (104–138) | 0.58 | 136 (112–141) | 126 (100–138) | 0.29 |
Wilcoxon test, median (IQR).
FSP ON includes both FSP and FSP+feedback conditions, and FSP OFF includes both baseline and feedback conditions.
Feedback ON includes both feedback and FSP+feedback conditions, and feedback OFF includes both baseline and FSP conditions.
*p <0.05 significant.
ACLS, advanced cardiovascular life support; ATS, athletic training students; BLS, basic life support; cpm, compression per min; EMS, emergency medical service; FSP, football shoulder pads.