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114 Predictors of response to neuromuscular training warm-up programs among youth
  1. Anu Räisänen1,2,
  2. Jean-Michel Galarneau2,
  3. Carla van den Berg2,
  4. Lauren Benson2,3,
  5. Oluwatoyosi Owoeye2,4,
  6. Kati Pasanen2,5,6,7,
  7. Paul Eliason2,
  8. Brent Hagel2,6,
  9. Carolyn Emery2,5,6,8
  1. 1Department of Physical Therapy Education – Oregon, College of Health Sciences – Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, USA
  2. 2Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Canada
  3. 3Tonal Strength Institute, Tonal, USA
  4. 4Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, USA
  5. 5McCaig Bone and Joint Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
  6. 6Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Canada
  7. 7Tampere Research Center of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Finland
  8. 8Department of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada

Abstract

Introduction Neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-ups are effective in reducing injury risk in youth. Factors predicting the response to NMT in reducing injury risk are unknown, making this the objective of the present study.

Materials and Methods This is a secondary analysis of the intervention groups of randomized controlled trials evaluating NMT warm-ups among youth (11–18 years) [basketball (n=494), soccer (n=380), physical education (PE; n=919)]. Response was predicted based on age, sex, height, weight, sport/PE, one-year injury history, adherence (weekly sessions) to NMT, and balance ability (timed single-leg on balance pad). Generalized estimating equation analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with clustering on team/class, exchangeable correlation structure, robust variance estimator, and offset for exposure hours.

Results Adjusting for age, balance, injury history, sex and sport/PE, balance ability reduced the odds of injury [OR=0.955, (95%CI: 0.912–0.999)]. Predictors of non-response include previous injury [OR=1.895, (95%CI: 1.335–2.691), female sex [OR=1.595, (95%CI: 1.119–2.274), and playing basketball [OR=3.151, (95%CI: 1.616–6.142)]. Stratifying by sex, weekly NMT sessions did not predict injury in females, however injury history [OR=2.148, (95% CI: 1.394–3.311)] and basketball [OR=3.677, (95% CI: 1.558–8.679)] were associated with increased odds. Stratifying by sex and sport, female soccer players had lower odds associated with greater weekly mean NMT sessions [OR=0.282, (95%CI: 0.090–0.882)].

Conclusions Predictors of non-response to NMT in youth include being female, playing basketball, and history of injury. Better balance was associated with lower odds of injury. Higher weekly adherence was protective in female soccer players.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2022-sportskongres.22

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