Patient-rated outcome measures (PROMs) at baseline and follow-up
| PROMs/group | Baseline | 6 weeks | 3 months | |
| ‘Average pain’ (0–10) | A | 6.8 (2.2) | 5.6 (2.8)* | 5.3 (2.6)* |
| B | 7.1 (1.7) | 6.2 (2.6) | 5.6 (2.9)* | |
| ‘Pain at its worst’ (0–10) | A | 8.0 (1.7) | 6.6 (2.6)* | 5.9 (2.9)* |
| B | 9.0 (1.0)* | 7.1 (2.6)* | 6.7 (3.2)* | |
| ‘Pain at its best’ (0–10) | A | 5.2 (2.4) | 4.2 (2.5)* | 3.7 (2.2)* |
| B | 5.5 (2.4) | 4.4 (3.0) | 4.4 (3.0) | |
| ‘Pain in the morning’ (0–10) | A | 7.3 (2.2) | 5.8 (2.6)* | 5.2 (2.7)* |
| B | 8.3 (1.3) | 6.8 (2.9)* | 5.8 (3.4)* | |
| ‘Pain in the evening’ (0–10) | A | 6.9 (2.1) | 6.1 (2.9) | 5.5 (2.8)* |
| B | 7.7 (1.4) | 5.9 (3.2)* | 6.0 (3.1)* | |
| ‘Pain at rest’ (0–10) | A | 5.4 (2.7) | 4.3 (2.9)* | 4.3 (2.4)* |
| B | 6.0 (2.2) | 5.2 (2.7) | 4.9 (3.0) | |
| ‘Pain when walking’ (0–10) | A | 7.1 (2.3) | 5.7 (2.8)* | 5.5 (2.8)* |
| B | 7.5 (1.8) | 5.6 (3.2)* | 5.5 (3.1)* | |
| ‘Average stiffness’ (0–10) | A | 6.0 (3.2) | 4.9 (2.9) | 4.3 (2.9)* |
| B | 6.5 (3.0) | 6.1 (2.6) | 4.6 (3.2)* | |
| ‘Stiffness in the morning’ (0–10) | A | 6.7 (3.0) | 5.3 (2.9) | 4.9 (3.0) |
| B | 5.7 (3.2) | 6.3 (3.2) | 4.6 (3.6) | |
| painDETECT (0–38, lower score indicating lower likelihood of neuropathic pain) | A | 13.4 (8.6) | 11.4 (7.3) | 11.9 (8.0) |
| B | 15.4 (7.3) | 13.6 (7.5) | 11.9 (5.2)* | |
| MOXFQ (total score) (range 16–48, lower score=better function) | A | 56.2 (14.5) | 50.3 (16.0)* | 49.2 (16.2)* |
| B | 64.5 (12.0) | 58.4 (16.7) | 51.8 (17.2)* | |
| FFI-R (total) (range 34–136, with lower score indicating better function) | A | 88.3 (24.5) | 81.4 (24.0) | 77.6 (25.4)* |
| B | 95.5 (22.9) | 86.6 (22.5) | 77.0 (27.4)* | |
| FAAM—%score (higher score = better function) | A | 56% (23%) | 58% (23%) | 67% (22%)* |
| B | 55% (20%) | 61% (19%)* | 66% (23%)* | |
| FAAM—%function (higher score indicating better function) | A | 56% (28%) | 61% (25%) | 53% (27%) |
| B | 61% (13%) | 65% (26%) | 68% (22%)* | |
| FAAM—%sport score (higher score indicating better function) | A | 36% (27%) | 39% (29%) | 44% (31%) |
| B | 34% (22%) | 43% (20%) | 44% (31%) | |
| FAAM—%sport function (higher score indicating better function) | A | 34% (32%) | 31% (25%) | 37% (27%) |
| B | 51% (28%) | 53% (30%)* | 67% (28%)* | |
| HAD—anxiety subscale (range 0–21, with lower score indicating fewer symptoms) | A | 6.5 (4.7) | 6.1 (3.5) | 5.5 (4.0) |
| B | 7.2 (5.0) | 8.1 (4.6) | 6.7 (4.9) | |
| HAD—depression subscale (range 0–21, with lower score indicating fewer symptoms) | A | 5.7 (4.6) | 6.6 (5.1) | 5.6 (4.6) |
| B | 6.1 (4.7) | 5.8 (4.2) | 5.1 (4.7) | |
| PSQI (total score) (range 0–21, with lower score indicating fewer symptoms) | A | 8.7 (5.3) | 10.4 (5.1) | 8.8 (4.7) |
| B | 10.1 (4.9) | 10.7 (5.3) | 10.2 (4.7) |
Figures are mean(SD).
*Indicates statistically significant change from baseline for variable in row, or difference between group A and B for variable in column (p values not displayed for clarity).
FAAM, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure; FFI-R Revised Foot Function Index; HAD, Hospital Anxiety and Depression; MOXFQ, Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.